Ephesians 4:18 Parallel Translations
NASB: being darkened in their understanding, excluded from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardness of their heart; (NASB ©1995)
GWT: They can't understand because they are in the dark. They are excluded from the life that God approves of because of their ignorance and stubbornness.(GOD'S WORD®)
KJV: Having the understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart:
ASV: being darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardening of their heart;
BBE: Whose thoughts are dark, to whom the life of God is strange because they are without knowledge, and their hearts have been made hard;
DBY: being darkened in understanding, estranged from the life of God by reason of the ignorance which is in them, by reason of the hardness of their hearts,
ERV: being darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardening of their heart;
WEY: with darkened understandings, having by reason of the ignorance which is deep-seated in them and the insensibility of their moral nature, no share in the Life which God gives.
WBS: Having the understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart:
WEB: being darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardening of their hearts;
YLT: being darkened in the understanding, being alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardness of their heart,
Ephesians 4:18 Cross References
XREF:Mark 3:5 After looking around at them with anger, grieved at their hardness of heart, He said to the man, "Stretch out your hand." And he stretched it out, and his hand was restored.

Acts 3:17 "And now, brethren, I know that you acted in ignorance, just as your rulers did also.

Acts 17:30 "Therefore having overlooked the times of ignorance, God is now declaring to men that all people everywhere should repent,

Romans 1:21 For even though they knew God, they did not honor Him as God or give thanks, but they became futile in their speculations, and their foolish heart was darkened.

Romans 11:7 What then? What Israel is seeking, it has not obtained, but those who were chosen obtained it, and the rest were hardened;

Romans 11:25 For I do not want you, brethren, to be uninformed of this mystery-- so that you will not be wise in your own estimation-- that a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in;

1 Corinthians 2:8 the wisdom which none of the rulers of this age has understood; for if they had understood it they would not have crucified the Lord of glory;

2 Corinthians 3:14 But their minds were hardened; for until this very day at the reading of the old covenant the same veil remains unlifted, because it is removed in Christ.

Ephesians 2:1 And you were dead in your trespasses and sins,

Ephesians 2:12 remember that you were at that time separate from Christ, excluded from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.

Hebrews 5:2 he can deal gently with the ignorant and misguided, since he himself also is beset with weakness;

Hebrews 9:7 but into the second, only the high priest enters once a year, not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the sins of the people committed in ignorance.

1 Peter 1:14 As obedient children, do not be conformed to the former lusts which were yours in your ignorance, (NASB ©1995)
Commentaries and Concordances
GSB: 4:18 Having the understanding darkened, being alienated from the {a} life of God through the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart:
(a) By which God lives in them.
PNT: 4:18 Having the understanding darkened. He shows how the Gentiles walk in vanity. They are in darkness, unenlightened by the gospel.
Alienated from the life of God. Without the spiritual life that comes from knowing God.
Because of blindness of their heart. The idea is a willful blindness.
WES: 4:18 Having their understanding darkened, through the ignorance that is in them - So that they are totally void of the light of God, neither have they any knowledge of his will. Being alienated from the life of God - Utter strangers to the divine, the spiritual life. Through the hardness of their hearts - Callous and senseless. And where there is no sense, there can be no life.
MHC: 4:17-24 The apostle charged the Ephesians in the name and by the authority of the Lord Jesus, that having professed the gospel, they should not be as the unconverted Gentiles, who walked in vain fancies and carnal affections. Do not men, on every side, walk in the vanity of their minds? Must not we then urge the distinction between real and nominal Christians? They were void of all saving knowledge; they sat in darkness, and loved it rather than light. They had a dislike and hatred to a life of holiness, which is not only the way of life God requires and approves, and by which we live to him, but which has some likeness to God himself in his purity, righteousness, truth, and goodness. The truth of Christ appears in its beauty and power, when it appears as in Jesus. The corrupt nature is called a man; like the human body, it is of divers parts, supporting and strengthening one another. Sinful desires are deceitful lusts; they promise men happiness, but render them more miserable; and bring them to destruction, if not subdued and mortified. These therefore must be put off, as an old garment, a filthy garment; they must be subdued and mortified. But it is not enough to shake off corrupt principles; we must have gracious ones. By the new man, is meant the new nature, the new creature, directed by a new principle, even regenerating grace, enabling a man to lead a new life of righteousness and holiness. This is created, or brought forth by God's almighty power.
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